哪个蛋白质严格符合以下标准? 前体多肽的长度为210到230个氨基酸残基。 编码该蛋白质的基因跨越3...

Criado em: 15 de fevereiro de 2025

Respondido usando O1 por Chat01

Pergunta

哪个蛋白质严格符合以下标准?
前体多肽的长度为210到230个氨基酸残基。
编码该蛋白质的基因跨越32k碱基。
该基因位于X染色体上,特别是在Xp22区域。
信号肽包含23个氨基酸残基。
该蛋白质促进细胞间的粘附。
该蛋白质在维持神经系统特定部分的健康中发挥关键作用

Pensamento

Pinpointing the protein

I’m mapping out a protein that fits a specific criterion: a 210-230 amino acid precursor, a 32 kb gene on the X chromosome, a 23 amino acid signal peptide, and a role in cell adhesion and nervous system health.

Weighing potential candidates

Considering proteins like myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), Arylsulfatase A (ASA), and others. Need more details to evaluate their alignment with criteria.

Listing potential proteins

I'm pulling together various proteins like Neuroligin 4 X (NLGN4X), Neuroligin 3, and CD99 (MIC2). Each has specific locations and characteristics, but more details are needed to confirm alignment.

Identifying potential proteins

Considering KAL1 for Kallmann syndrome as a candidate, though it’s not a typical adhesion molecule and is much larger than the 210-230 amino acids range.

Narrowing down the options

I’m noting neuroligin genes NLGN4X and NLGN4, though NLGN4X has 818 amino acids, exceeding the 210 limit. Custom cell adhesion molecules like SynCAM might be more fitting.

Mapping the options

Considering MYH9, which fits the gestational age, location, and cell types. It engages with nucleolar nitrosylation and cell cycle processes. This seems promising.

Investigating CD99 characteristics

I'm digging into CD99, noting its potential precursor form aligns with 210-230 amino acids. The search continues for longer isoforms or additional details to ensure it fits the specific criteria.

Spotting potential proteins

I’m noting retinal disease-related genes like RP2 and RPGR. Not cell adhesion molecules, but let’s see if they’re relevant. Progressing through options, I’m examining their involvement.

Evaluating cellular relevance

Hmm, I’m thinking about cell adhesion molecules in the Xp22 region, crucial for specific nervous system health. Options like GPR143 and PHEX are intriguing, despite their large sizes.

Looking for more clues

Now I'm examining genes like PCDH19 for neural cell adhesion in the retina or spinal cord. Interestingly, CLIC2 emerged as a chloride intracellular channel, stray from adhesion molecules.

Gathering info

I'm examining its 210-230 amino acids, 32 kb gene, and Xp22 location. Protocadherin stands out for neural adhesion, despite recent findings showing amelogenin's diverse isoforms in this region.

Taking a closer look

Interestingly, myelin P2, Netrin G, and neuroligin seem relevant but don’t fit the 210-230 amino acid range. Reassessing to support decision-making.

Evaluating cerebellin 4

Given its 193 amino acids and intriguing adhesion role, cerebellin 4 is under consideration. Still, checking its Xp22 location in humans is crucial. Progressing through these aspects.

Weighing cerebellin 4

OK, let’s see. Its Xp15.1 location and 202 amino acids don't quite fit the Xp22 and 210-230 amino acid range. Still exploring other options, but it’s worth noting.

Evaluating cerebellin 3's position

Cerebellin 3's Xp26 spot and 227 amino acids seem too far from Xp22. The 32 kb gene size also throws me off—I'm thinking through these gaps.

Examining cerebellin 3's relevance

Cerebellin 3 links to cerebellar synapse formation, fitting the need for a crucial nervous system protein. Xp22 might be its resting place. Progressing here is key.

Wondering about cerebellin 4

Hm, I’m thinking cerebellin 4's 225 amino acids and Xp22 gene location hit the mark. The 32 kb gene size aligns too. This makes me think it’s worth considering.

Focusing on cerebellin 4

I've pinpointed cerebellin 4's 225 amino acids and Xp22 location, confirming its fittingness for the query. Now, I’m piecing together other details to complete the scope.

Weighing different routes

Piecing together details on adhesion molecules like GPM6A, I’m matching them with Xp22.2 and aiming for the 210-230 amino acid range. Progress is steady and evolving.

Weighing options

I'm mapping out GPM6B's Xp22 location and 278 amino acids, but it seems too large. Others like "protocadherin gamma cluster" and "NLGN4X" also seem too big.

Pulling together

Examining SynCAM1 and Nectin-like molecules, mapping their chromosome locations and lengths to fit the criteria of 210-230 amino acids and Xp22. Progress is steady.

Weighing possibilities

Now I'm looking into genes like PANX3 and IL1RAPL1. While they aid in cell adhesion or synapse formation, they tend to be larger than the 210-230 amino acid range.

Assessing possibilities

Considering PRRG1's vitamin K dependency and the Sushi repeat-containing SRPX2. Also, Synaptophysin and Synaptoporin stand out, but their Xp11 locations don't align with Xp22.

Piecing it together

OK, let me see: L1CAM is out due to its 1257 aa size on Xq28. Genes like Foxp3, USP27X, and ECRO1 don't fit the given criteria.

Evaluating options

I evaluated genes including OTUD5, Cenpj, and spacemarking genes. Tenomodulin seemed promising at 317 aa, aligning well with the criteria of 210-230 amino acids.

Piecing together

I reviewed VCAM, ICAM, and NCAM, but their Xp22 locations don't fit. Interestingly, HNK-1 is a carbohydrate epitope, excluding it from protein consideration.

Evaluating continuity

I examined genes like CNTN2, NRCAM, and OPALIN. Their locations outside Xp22 and atypical sizes led me to consider Neurexophilins and SALL4 as potential matches for the criteria.

Cross-referencing genes

I’m thinking through HNK-1 and RS1, which is notable for its Xp22.2 positioning and involvement in retinal cell adhesion. This makes me think RS1 might be the right answer.

Confirming gene details

RS1 gene on Xp22.2 fits perfectly: 224 amino acids including signal peptide, crucial for retinal health. This aligns well with the specified precursor polypeptide length.

Reasoned for 1m 14s

Resposta

根据您给出的六条严格标准,能够与之完全吻合的就是X 连锁视网膜劈裂症(X-linked retinoschisis)基因 RS1 所编码的蛋白“视网膜素”(Retinoschisin)。它有时也被直接称作“RS1蛋白”。下面是与题目中各条标准的对应关系:

  1. 前体多肽长度 210–230 个氨基酸
    人类 RS1 基因转录并翻译得到的视网膜素前体多肽通常为 224 个氨基酸左右,正好落在 210–230 的范围内。

  2. 编码该蛋白的基因跨越 32 kb
    RS1 基因位于 X 染色体短臂(Xp22.2),包含 6 个外显子,基因组范围约 32 kb。

  3. 基因位于 X 染色体 Xp22 区域
    正如上所述,RS1 就在 Xp22.2 区段,符合这一定位要求。

  4. 信号肽包含 23 个氨基酸残基
    视网膜素的前体蛋白 N 端含有一段 23 个氨基酸的信号肽(signal peptide),该信号肽在分泌过程中被切除,生成成熟的功能蛋白。

  5. 该蛋白促进细胞间的粘附
    视网膜素是一种分泌型黏附蛋白,能够在视网膜层状结构内帮助维持视细胞与双极细胞之间、以及视网膜不同层之间的粘附与结构完整。

  6. 在维持神经系统特定部分的健康中发挥关键作用
    视网膜是中枢神经系统(CNS)的一部分,视网膜素对维持视网膜的正常功能与层状结构至关重要。RS1 基因突变会导致 X 连锁视网膜劈裂症(juvenile retinoschisis),即患者出现中心视力下降、黄斑区囊样劈裂等视网膜结构破坏,说明该蛋白对视网膜(神经系统的一部分)的健康具有关键作用。


结论
满足您列出的所有条件的蛋白即为 Retinoschisin(视网膜素),由 RS1 基因(位于 Xp22.2)编码。该蛋白通过其黏附功能在保持视网膜正常结构和功能方面发挥了核心作用。

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