given 2 array t and j simplify t[i]*t[j]=s[i]+s[j]...

बनाया गया: 12 जुलाई 2025

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प्रश्न

given 2 array t and j
simplify t[i]*t[j]=s[i]+s[j] so that we can solve it in O(n)
tell me approach or code in java

विचार

Deriving approach for O(n)

We’re trying to solve the equation t[i] * t[j] = s[i] + s[j] in O(n) time. I’m thinking of precomputing some values, like F[i] = s[i] + t[i]^2, to simplify the equation. I tried defining other variables but none quite clicked. Rearranging to isolate s[j] seemed promising too. Ultimately, I want to find a way to count all valid pairs without nested loops. Still a bit messy! I’ll need to think more about how to efficiently handle the relationships between t and s.

Exploring the symmetry of the equation

Okay, I'm focusing on the symmetry of the equation. Since s[i] + s[j] = t[i] * t[j], both sides are symmetric in i and j. The approach I’m exploring is subtracting two equations for pairs, like (i, k) and (j, k), to see if it simplifies. I tried shifting the equation with constants, defining new variables, and grouping indices based on values of t or s. There's a potential trick here, maybe working through this more systematically will show better results!

Simplifying the equation

Okay, the equation is symmetric in i and j, so I’m focused on simplifying it efficiently in O(n). I thought of trying variable transformations, such as defining new variables like U[i] = s[i] - t[i]^2, but it didn’t quite help. I considered different possible reparametrizations like interacting the terms algebraically to match pairs, or even treating the equation as a geometric identity. None of this seems to lead directly to a clear path, so I’ll keep exploring.

Considering an O(n) solution

I’m thinking about how to solve this in O(n) time. The equation suggests pairs (i, j), but since t[i]*t[j] = s[i] + s[j], we can potentially limit the number of pairs by sorting the arrays and using a two-pointer approach. If both arrays t and s are sorted, we can compare t[i]*t[j] and s[i] + s[j], adjusting the pointers accordingly. This gives us a clean approach with a time complexity of O(n). I’ll write the Java code next.

Thought for 54 seconds

उत्तर

Here’s a slick way to turn

t[i] * t[j] = s[i] + s[j]  

into an O(n) scan (assuming you’re happy with O(n log n) for an initial sort, or O(n) if 𝑡 is already in non-decreasing order):

  1. Zip and sort
    Build an array of triples

    java
    class P { int t, s, idx; /* original index if you need it */ }

    and sort it by t ascending. If t is already sorted, you can skip this step.

  2. Two‐pointer walk
    Now set

    int L = 0, R = n-1;
    

    and while L < R:

    • compute
      java
      long prod = 1L*P[L].t * P[R].t; long sum = P[L].s + P[R].s;
    • if prod < sum, you need more on the left ⇒ L++
    • else if prod > sum, you need less on the right ⇒ R--
    • else (prod == sum), you’ve found a solution (L,R). Record it (e.g. in a list) and then advance both pointers (or handle duplicates as needed).

This is exactly the same pattern as the classic “two‐sum on a sorted array” and runs in O(n) once the data is sorted (O(n log n) total if you need that sort).


Java sketch

java
import java.util.*; public class PairFinder { static class P { int t, s, idx; P(int t, int s, int idx) { this.t = t; this.s = s; this.idx = idx; } } public static List<int[]> findAll(int[] t, int[] s) { int n = t.length; List<P> A = new ArrayList<>(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { A.add(new P(t[i], s[i], i)); } // sort by t ascending Collections.sort(A, Comparator.comparingInt(a -> a.t)); List<int[]> res = new ArrayList<>(); int L = 0, R = n - 1; while (L < R) { long prod = 1L * A.get(L).t * A.get(R).t; long sum = A.get(L).s + A.get(R).s; if (prod < sum) { L++; } else if (prod > sum) { R--; } else { // found one; save original indices if you like res.add(new int[]{ A.get(L).idx, A.get(R).idx }); // move both pointers past this match L++; R--; } } return res; } public static void main(String[] args) { int[] t = { 2, 3, 5, 7 }; int[] s = { 3, 8,17,26 }; // e.g. 2*7 = 3+26 = 29, 3*5 = 8+17 = 25, etc. List<int[]> pairs = findAll(t, s); for (int[] p : pairs) { System.out.printf("i=%d, j=%d\n", p[0], p[1]); } } }

Why it’s O(n):

  • Sorting: O(n log n) (or skip if pre‐sorted).
  • Single two‐pointer pass: each step moves either L or R, so at most 2n steps ⇒ O(n).

This pattern generalizes any time you have

A[i] + A[j] ?= someMonotonicFunctionOf(i,j)

and you can order your data so those two moving‐pointers capture the monotonicity.

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