Characteristic Function Derivation
Creado el: 7 de noviembre de 2024
Respondido usando O1 Preview por Chat01
Creado el: 7 de noviembre de 2024
Respondido usando O1 Preview por Chat01
Problem 5. Determine the distribution. (14 pts)
Let be i.i.d. square integrable real-valued random variables, such that the empirical mean and the variable are independent.
and calculate .
2. (2 pts) Denote the common characteristic function of the 's by . Using the independence between and , express as a function of and .
3. (2 pts) Prove that
(Hint: use the expression of obtained in question 1.)
4. (3 pts) Prove that
using the dominated convergence theorem. Then derive the differential equation satisfied by 。
(Hint: notice that , hence we have that
for the differential equation, combine the results of question 2 and 3.)
5. (4 pts) Now we define . Please calculate . Then derive and the distribution of the 's.
(Hint: to calculate , use the result of question 4. To calculate , integrate the expression of .)
Question 5 Answer:
First, we are given . Our goal is to compute and then find to determine the distribution of the 's.
From the result in Question 4, we have the differential equation:
Using the definition of , we can express as:
Substituting the result from the differential equation, we get:
This tells us that is a linear function of :
To find the constant , we evaluate at :
Since , we have:
Thus, .
We now have the first-order linear differential equation:
This equation can be solved using an integrating factor. The integrating factor is:
Multiplying both sides of the differential equation by , we get:
Integrating both sides yields:
Since and , the constant is 1. Therefore, we have:
However, recognizing that the characteristic function of a normal distribution is:
We see that our expression for matches this form with and .
Conclusion:
By integrating , we find . Solving the differential equation for , we obtain the characteristic function of a normal distribution. Therefore, the 's are normally distributed with mean and variance .
Answer:
Question 5 Answer:
By computing f ′(u) = –Var(X_1), we find f(u) = –Var(X_1)·u + i E[X_1]
Thus, Φₓ ′(u) = [–Var(X_1)·u + i E[X_1]]·Φₓ(u)
Solving this differential equation gives Φₓ(u) = e^{i E[X_1]·u – ½·Var(X_1)·u^2}
Therefore, the Xⱼ are normally distributed with mean E[X_1] and variance Var(X_1).