这两篇文章的神经网络是一样的么,不是的话有什么区别

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سؤال

Tenth Draft.pdf
learning.pdf

这两篇文章的神经网络是一样的么,不是的话有什么区别

Python

python
import pdfplumber, re, pandas as pd, textwrap, os, math, numpy as np, json, PIL.Image as Image, matplotlib.pyplot as plt path="/mnt/data/learning.pdf" text_pages=[] with pdfplumber.open(path) as pdf: for i,page in enumerate(pdf.pages): txt=page.extract_text() or "" text_pages.append(txt) len(text_pages), [len(t) for t in text_pages[:3]]

الفكرة

Issue with citation from learning.pdf

The file search isn't turning up learning.pdf, likely because its text isn't indexed. I could still reference it directly using its file citation identifier, like turn0file1. Since line numbers might not be available, I’ll double-check if a full file citation without lines would be acceptable. Let’s try an empty search to see if we can retrieve a pointer.

Citing learning.pdf and DeepONet

I can still reference the learning.pdf file through its original citation marker (turn0file1). For more precision, I’ll cite using line citations from other sources like the resnet paper. As for DeepONet, lacking line numbers, I might opt for a file citation instead. If needed, I could extract text via OCR, but citations must be valid. A file_search index might help too.

Describing DeepONet Architecture

We can’t retrieve the local file directly, but we can pull info from previous system outputs, specifically the learning.pdf images. The DeepONet architecture is detailed on page 3 with a “branch net” processing input values and a “trunk net” receiving location/time. Using recursion, DeepONet predicts future states and embeds within the Runge-Kutta scheme.

Comparing ResNet and DeepONet

To craft a comparison between ResNet and DeepONet, I'll begin by noting that they aren't the same. At a high level, ResNet is a one-step residual predictor, while DeepONet approximates operator mappings. Key differences:

  1. ResNet has skip connections and residual-plus-auxiliary branches, while DeepONet uses two subnets (Branch and Trunk) that combine via inner product.

Comparing ResNet and DeepONet

For inputs and outputs: ResNet handles state increments and control trajectories, outputting residuals and predictions, while DeepONet processes an input function over time to output the system's state. For training, ResNet uses multi-step losses and reciprocal-consistency, while DeepONet applies operator regression and recursion. ResNet is used in control systems, while DeepONet models dynamical responses without direct control. The networks differ: ResNet is a residual feedforward network for state increments, and DeepONet is an operator network.

Thought for 4m 30s

الإجابة

不一样。两篇文章用的神经网络类型、输入/输出形式、训练目标都不同——一个是“残差状态递推模型(ResNet/Residual Network)”,另一个是“算子网络(DeepONet:Branch+Trunk)”。


1) 网络类型和结构不一样

A. 冷轧那篇:残差网络(Residual / ResNet-style)

它把每个机架(子系统)建一个残差网络 NiN_i,核心是**“上一时刻状态 + 网络预测的残差修正”**的结构:

  • 网络先输出残差 Δri=Ni(Xi,in)\Delta r_i = N_i(X_{i,in}) L59-L76
  • 然后用 identity shortcut 把当前局部状态“直通”并相加得到下一步预测(baseline-plus-correction)(Tenth Draft.pdf)
  • 还额外引入了一个辅助分支 ηi()\eta_i(\cdot)(可选的轻量前馈分支)来增强对采样间隔变化的鲁棒性:Ni=ηi+IiN_i=\eta_i+I_i (Tenth Draft.pdf)

总结:这是一个离散一步预测器(one-step predictor),典型用于MPC里做滚动预测。(Tenth Draft.pdf)

B. learning.pdf 那篇:DeepONet(Branch Net + Trunk Net)

它用的是Deep Operator Network(深度算子网络)

  • Branch Net编码“输入函数/输入轨迹(例如 u(t)u(t) 在若干传感点的取值)”
  • Trunk Net编码“查询点(通常是时间 tt,也可能包含状态/空间坐标)”
  • 两者组合输出 x(t)x(t) 或系统响应(学的是“从输入函数到解/响应函数”的算子映射)(learning.pdf)

总结:DeepONet学的是函数→函数/函数→值 的算子,不是传统“状态→下一状态”的单步残差网络。


2) 输入与输出(建模对象)不一样

残差网络(冷轧文)

每个子系统 ii 的输入向量 Xi,inX_{i,in} 是把这些东西拼起来:

  • 当前局部状态增量 Δxi(tn)\Delta x_i(t_n)
  • 邻居机架的状态增量堆叠 ΔxZi(tn)\Delta x_{Z_i}(t_n)(显式表达机架耦合)(Tenth Draft.pdf)
  • 本机架控制增量轨迹用二次多项式参数 Γi,n=[γ0,γ1,γ2]\Gamma_{i,n}=[\gamma_{0},\gamma_{1},\gamma_{2}] 表示 (Tenth Draft.pdf)
  • 采样区间长度 δn\delta_n (Tenth Draft.pdf)

输出是:下一时刻局部状态增量(通过“当前 + 残差修正”得到)(Tenth Draft.pdf)。

DeepONet(learning.pdf)

输入是整段输入函数/外部激励(非自治系统的 u(t)u(t) + 查询时间(或时空点),输出是对应时刻的系统状态/响应,即学“输入函数 → 轨迹”的映射 (learning.pdf)。


3) 训练目标不一样

残差网络:为“长时域滚动预测 + 控制”服务

它不仅做一步误差,还做:

  • 前向网络 + 后向网络一起训练(引入一个 backward residual net BiB_i)(Tenth Draft.pdf)
  • 加入多步滚动误差、前后向一致性(reciprocal-consistency)等损失项(L1step,Lbwd,Lmsrp,LrollL_{1step}, L_{bwd}, L_{msrp}, L_{roll})(Tenth Draft.pdf)

目的是:减少递推时误差累积,让它更适合在MPC里滚动预测。(Tenth Draft.pdf)

DeepONet:为“学系统响应算子/提高数值递推稳定性”服务

它的重点是学解算子,并在论文里结合递推/数值积分思想(从图和算法描述可见)来减轻长时预测误差累积 (learning.pdf)。


4) 用途(嵌入系统方式)不一样

  • 冷轧那篇:网络是MPC的预测模型,并且还放进了Nash均衡的分布式协调迭代里做在线优化与协调控制 (Tenth Draft.pdf)。
  • learning.pdf:主要是建模/仿真/预测框架,核心是学动力系统的响应(算子学习),不以“分布式MPC+博弈协调”作为主线 (learning.pdf)。

一句话抓重点

  • 残差网络(冷轧文):学的是 (Δxi, Δx邻居, Γ, δ)Δxinext(\Delta x_i,\ \Delta x_{邻居},\ \Gamma,\ \delta)\rightarrow \Delta x_i^{next} 的一步递推模型(带残差/直连、还加了前后向一致性训练)L59-L76(Tenth Draft.pdf)
  • DeepONet(learning.pdf):学的是 u()x()u(\cdot)\rightarrow x(\cdot) 的“算子”(Branch/Trunk 两路网络来表示输入函数与查询点)(learning.pdf)

如果你想更细一点对比(比如两篇各自到底用了几层、每层宽度、激活函数、训练数据规模等),我也可以继续往下扒;不过目前冷轧那篇在你给的版本里主要把结构写成公式/框图,没有给很细的超参表(至少在已解析到的段落里没出现)。

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